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Collection of essays and legal documents
A collection of a number of essays with different writers and scribes. Some parts are devoted to the explanation of different types of marriage and divorce. In between the lines, there are a number of contracts and settlements, including lease, and sale settlements, but most of them are marriage contracts and divorce settlements. Dates of these contracts are mostly in 1840s. The first date is 13 January 1845 and the last date is 31 May 1893.
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Divorce affidavit, 1851
The document reads: "It has been asked that those faithful and righteous people who are knowledgeable and benevolent testify that on September 6, 1851, I was present at Mirza ʻAbd al-Javad's house and Sara, known as Kuchak Khanum, the daughter of Mulla ʻAbd Allah Jadid al-Islam, was also present and transferred all of her mahr, which was 60 tumans and 20 misqal gold, to me and I divorced her instead and left the divorce contract by Mirza ʻAbd al-Javad." On the margin: "The wife mentioned was divorced by her husband in the presence of the claimant, foregoing her mahr. The divorce document...
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Marriage Contract, settlements, and divorce agreement between Khadijah Khanum and Mirza Ghulamhusayn, 1876
Marriage contract between Khadijah Khanum, daughter of Ustad Muhammad ‘Ali Mi‘mar, and Mirza Aqa Ghulamhusayn, son of Aqa Nazar. The mahr was forty tumans, from which ten tumans was handed to the bride by the groom (1876). On verso, there are three related settlements dating 1890 and 1899 about their divorce and issues of mahr, alimony, etc.
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Marriage and divorce contracts of Baygum Khanum and Murad ‘Ali, 1891
Marriage and divorce contracts of Baygum Khanum, daughter of the late Aqa Taqi, and Murad ‘Ali, son of the late Kazim. The mahr includes one tuman and five thousand dinars, one-and-a-half misqals of golden jewelery, copperware, European chintz clothes, a set of bedding made in Qumshah, kilim and a felt rug, and one-sixth of the groom's residential building located in the Ustad Qasim the Carpenter neighborhood of Asfarjan village. On April 26, 1894, the wife settled her mahr and alimony with her husband for two tumans, a donkey, two mans [unit of weight] of flour, a pair of shoes, four zar‘...
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Marriage and divorce contracts of Kuchak Jan Khanum and Murad, 1867 and 1879
Marriage and divorce contracts of Kuchak Jan Khanum, daughter of Ustad Qasim, and Murad, son of Kazim. The mahr was one tuman and five thousand dinars to buy one misqal [unit of weight] of gold, copperware, new clothes, bedding, kilim and felt, and some properties. On December 11, 1879, Kuchak Jan Khanum settled all of her mahr with her husband for one hundred dinars and one charik [unit of weight] of wheat in order to get a divorce. It was agreed that if the husband wanted to return, he had to add an extra ten tumans to the mahr.
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Marriage contract and divorce settlement, 1884 and 1888
One side is the marriage contract of Baygum Jan, daughter of Sayyid Husayn son of Sayyid Nasr Allah, and Muhammad Isma‘il, son of the late Muhammad Riza Da’i. The mahr is sixty tumans, of which the groom paid thirty tumans in women's clothing, rugs, gold, and copper worth five tumans. The other thirty tumans remain the groom's debt. The other side is the divorce settlement of Baygum Jan, daughter of Sayyid Husayn from Gazirgah, and Ismaʻil, son of the late Riza Mushki-baf from Gazirgah. Baygum Jan settled her mahr, alimony, and clothing for twenty-five dirams [dirhams] and two copper coins...
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Marriage contract of Kawkab Baygum and Haj ‘Abd Allah, 1880
Marriage contract of Kawkab Baygum, daughter of Haj Sayyid Ahmad, and Haj ‘Abd Allah, son of Haj ‘Ali, with a mahr of eighty tumans, ten tumans of which was given to the bride at the time of the marriage. The rest remains groom's debt. The marriage contract also includes the following conditions: if, in the first fifty years of the marriage, the groom travels for two full years without paying alimony to the bride, the bride can divorce herself and release the groom from paying half of the mahr. Additionally, the groom is not permited to take the bride out of the region without her consent.
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Marriage contract of Shamsi Baygum and Muhammad Sadiq Darban, 1870
Marriage contract of Shamsi Baygum, daughter of Haj Sayyid Ahmad Khayyat [tailor] Darban, and Muhammad Sadiq Darban [illegible], son of Mulla Muhammad Husayn Kashani. The mahr includes twelve tumans, twelve misqals of rose gold worth twelve tumans, twelve mans of copperware worth twelve tumans, sets of rugs and bedding worth twelve tumans, and fifteen tumans for the purchase of a residential house. The marriage contract also includes the following conditions: in the first fifty years of the marriage, if the husband travels for two whole years without paying alimony to the wife, she can...
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Marriage contract of Shirin Jan and Ghulam‘ali, 1858
Marriage contract of Shirin Jan, daughter of Mirza the tailor, and Ghulam‘ali, ghulam [servant/slave] of Haji ‘Abd Allah (son of Haji Kalb‘ali), dated July 23, 1858. The mahr is eight tumans plus one-sixth of a house in the Shams Abad neighborhood of Khuzan. A note declares that Haji ‘Abd Allah transferred the ownership of one-sixth of the house to Ghulam‘ali. On verso, dated August 24, 1866: Shirin Jan settled her mahr with Haji Muhammad Baqir Sultan, son of Haji Kalb‘ali from Khuzan, for forty rupees. On March 25, 1867, Haji Muhammad Baqir transferred the mahr to Ghulam‘ali for one...
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Marriage contract of the daughter of Ustad Hasan Saffar and Ustad Ibrahim, 1873
Marriage contract of the daughter of Ustad Hasan Saffar (the son of ʻAli Muhammad Qurban) [her name is not legible] and Ustad Ibrahim, the son of Mulla Khudabakhsh. The mahr is 15 tumans, which includes: an outfit to be bought, five mans of copper, 10 mans of carpet, kilims, and felt. Nine tumans remain the groom's debt. If the groom does not give alimony to the bride in his absence, the bride can divorce herself. Also, the groom is not permitted to take the bride out of the region.